Integrative taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of three poorly known tintinnine ciliates, with the establishment of a new genus (Protista; Ciliophora; Oligotrichea)

Wang, Rui; Bai, Yang; Hu, Tao; Xu, Dapeng; Suzuki, Toshikazu; Hu, Xiaozhong

doi:10.1186/s12862-021-01831-8

Table 1 Morphometry of Haikou population (AK1), Beihai population (AK2), Zhoushan population (AK3) of Antetintinnopsis karajacensis comb. nov., Antetintinnopsis gracilis comb. nov. (AG), and Tintinnopsis tocantinensis (TT)

From: Integrative taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of three poorly known tintinnine ciliates, with the establishment of a new genus (Protista; Ciliophora; Oligotrichea)

Characters^a	Species	Min	Max	Mean	SD	CV	n
Lorica, total length^b	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	88 95 45 95 110	102 115 60 115 158	95.6 106.8 50.6 106.3 135.3	2.0 5.6 4.5 8.8 15.0	2.1 5.2 8.9 8.2 11.1	22 21 15 20 17
Lorica, width^b	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	41 35 35 39 30	48 44 42 55 60	43.6 38.3 38.5 47.3 48.2	1.5 1.7 2.0 4.0 9.8	3.4 4.4 5.2 8.5 20.3	22 21 15 20 17
Lorica, opening diameter^b	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	41 35 35 35 15	46 40 43 44 35	44.0 37.6 39.4 39.6 24.5	1.5 2.0 2.6 2.4 3.8	3.4 5.3 6.6 6.1 15.5	21 21 15 20 17
Lorica length: opening diameter, ratio^b	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	1.92 2.27 1.67 3.28 5.1	2.42 2.84 2.2 3.91 7.3	2.22 2.52 1.86 3.7 5.7	0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.7	9.0 7.9 10.8 5.4 12.3	21 21 15 20 17
Cell proper, length	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	50 53 37 70 42	72 75 58 85 75	61.5 63.4 44.5 77.0 55.8	5.4 6.6 7.8 4.3 8.9	8.8 10.4 17.5 5.6 16.0	20 18 14 18 17
Cell proper, width	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	22 26 17 26 20	40 38 33 39 35	32.0 33.0 23.2 34.6 28.8	4.8 2.9 4.9 3.5 4.1	15.0 8.8 21.1 10.1 14.2	20 18 14 18 17
Macronuclear nodules, number	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	2 2 3 7 2	8 8 7 12 2	4.6 4.4 4.7 9.8 2.0	1.6 1.3 1.2 1.4 0.0	34.8 29.5 25.5 14.3 0.0	18 17 13 16 13
Anterior macronucleus nodule, length	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	9 10 6 7 8	16 18 13 12 23	12.6 14.5 9.5 8.7 13.8	2.1 1.7 1.9 1.5 4.3	16.7 11.7 20 17.2 31.2	18 17 13 16 13
Anterior macronucleus nodule, width	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	6 7 4 8 7	14 14 9 10 19	9.8 9.2 6.8 9.3 11.8	1.8 1.7 1.3 1.1 1.8	18.4 18.5 19.1 11.8 15.3	18 17 13 16 13
Anterior cell end to anterior macronucleus nodule, distance	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	6 7 5 11 9	12 13 14 22 24	8.2 9.4 8.4 16.3 16.5	1.7 2.0 2.5 2.8 3.2	20.7 21.3 29.8 17.2 19.4	18 17 13 16 13
Ventral kinety, length	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	22 19 15 30 15	38 32 24 45 23	28.2 27.3 20.2 34.4 17.3	3.3 3.2 2.8 3.0 2.2	11.7 11.7 13.5 8.7 12.7	17 16 13 16 15
Ventral kinety, distance to collar membranelles	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	2 2 2 2 2	6 6 5 5 8	3.4 3.5 4.0 3.2 4.4	1.2 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.5	35.3 34.3 25.0 28.1 34.1	17 16 13 16 15
Right ciliary field, number of kineties	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	11 10 10 10 6	13 12 12 13 8	11.4 11.0 10.9 11.5 7.0	0.7 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.5	6.1 5.5 6.4 7.8 7.1	17 17 12 15 15
Kinety 1 in right ciliary field, length	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	12 12 9 22 11	17 16 14 41 21	14.7 15.1 12.8 29.5 15.2	2.0 2.3 2.2 4.2 3.0	13.6 15.2 17.2 14.2 19.7	17 17 12 15 15
Kinety 1 in right ciliary field, distance to collar membranelles	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	5 5 4 3 5	9 10 8 8 10	6.5 7.0 5.6 5.4 7.6	1.1 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.2	16.9 22.9 23.2 22.2 15.8	17 17 12 15 15
Kinety 1 in right ciliary field, number of kinetids	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	10 9 7 10 10	14 15 12 16 17	12.0 13.1 10.3 13.2 13.6	1.3 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.7	10.8 11.5 13.6 12.9 12.5	17 17 12 15 15
Kinety n in right ciliary field, length	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	2 2 2 3 7	5 6 9 9 12	2.8 3.1 4.1 6.2 9.7	0.8 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.1	28.6 29.0 31.7 19.4 11.3	17 17 12 15 15
Kinety n in right ciliary field, number of kinetids	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	2 2 2 4 6	4 4 6 7 10	2.5 2.9 3.6 5.4 8.5	0.8 0.7 1.1 0.9 1.0	32.0 24.1 30.6 16.6 11.8	17 17 12 15 15
Dorsal kinety, length	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	50 34 31 65 32	73 62 52 85 60	58.4 48.9 40.8 72.5 48.5	6.4 9.1 5.8 7.5 7.2	10.9 18.6 14.2 10.3 14.8	17 15 13 15 14
Dorsal kinety, number of dikinetids	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	25 25 16 30 22	43 35 32 50 48	35.2 28.3 25.7 39.4 31.3	5.3 3.4 4.3 5.7 6.4	15.1 12.0 16.7 14.5 20.4	17 15 13 15 14
Dorsal kinety, distance to collar membranelles	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	4 5 3 6 2	10 12 8 15 7	6.2 7.7 5.3 9.6 4.8	1.3 1.4 1.2 1.9 1.1	21.0 18.2 22.6 19.8 22.9	17 15 13 15 14
Dorsal kinety, distance to right ciliary field	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	5 6 5 8 3	11 13 12 19 8	7.3 8.2 6.4 12.6 5.2	1.2 1.3 1.3 1.5 0.9	16.4 15.9 20.3 11.9 17.3	17 15 13 15 14
Left ciliary field, number of kineties	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	11 10 10 12 8	14 12 13 17 10	12.3 11.0 11.3 14.5 9.2	0.8 0.7 0.8 1.1 0.8	6.5 6.4 7.1 7.6 8.7	17 15 13 15 14
Kinety n in left ciliary field, distance to collar membranelles	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	2 3 2 2 3	6 8 5 5 9	4.1 5.3 3.2 3.4 6.3	0.5 1.0 0.8 0.6 1.2	12.2 18.9 25.0 17.6 22.6	17 15 13 15 14
Kinety n in left ciliary field, length	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	7 8 6 15 3	16 17 15 30 6	14.0 16.4 11.7 23.6 4.6	2.8 3.0 2.6 4.8 0.7	20.0 18.3 22.2 20.3 15.2	17 15 13 15 14
Kinety n in left ciliary field, number of kinetids	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	6 7 6 11 2	12 15 13 15 5	9.1 11.7 8.6 12.6 3.7	2.0 2.5 1.7 1.3 0.7	22.0 21.3 19.8 10.3 18.9	17 15 13 15 14
Kinety 1 in left ciliary field, length	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	7 7 6 17 8	15 16 15 25 12	11.2 11.5 10.5 22.1 9.8	2.6 2.5 2.6 2.7 1.2	23.2 21.7 24.8 12.2 12.2	17 15 13 15 14
Kinety 1 in left ciliary field, number of kinetids	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	8 8 6 9 10	12 12 11 13 14	10.4 10.6 9.5 11.3 12.1	1.6 1.6 1.4 1.1 0.9	15.4 15.1 14.7 9.7 7.4	17 15 13 15 14
Lateral ciliary field, number of kineties	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	15 13 13 14 8	18 16 17 20 11	16.3 14.7 15.0 16.3 9.0	0.8 1.0 1.1 1.7 0.8	5.0 7.0 7.3 10.4 9.1	15 15 12 14 13
Lateral ciliary field, width	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	6 5 4 19 13	10 8 7 25 17	7.4 6.3 5.8 21.5 15.2	1.2 1.0 1.2 2.6 1.5	16.2 15.9 20.7 12.1 9.9	15 15 12 14 13
Kinety 1 in lateral ciliary field, distance to collar membranelles	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	3 3 2 2 3	7 8 6 5 7	5.2 5.7 4.6 3.4 5.4	0.9 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.7	17.3 21.1 17.4 23.5 13.0	15 15 12 14 13
Kinety 1 in lateral ciliary field, length	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	9 8 6 15 16	16 15 13 25 32	13.2 13.0 10.4 18.5 26.0	2.0 2.3 2.0 3.0 4.2	15.2 17.7 19.2 16.2 16.2	15 15 12 14 13
Posterior kinety, length	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	15 16 12 17 12	23 25 20 32 28	18.4 19.7 16.3 25.3 18.6	2.2 2.3 1.9 5.6 5.3	12.0 11.7 11.7 22.1 28.5	13 10 10 15 12
Posterior kinety, number of dikinetids	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	11 9 9 11 7	22 20 19 19 15	16.3 15.9 15.3 14.6 11.5	2.3 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6	14.1 13.2 12.4 11.6 14.0	13 10 10 15 12
Posterior kinety, distance to collar membranelles	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	12 15 9 19 18	28 32 19 41 48	21.2 23.4 16.1 28.5 30.2	4.7 4.9 3.6 5.8 8.4	22.2 21.0 22.4 20.4 27.8	13 10 10 15 12
Posterior kinety, distance to dorsal kinety	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	14 16 12 15 18	27 29 22 26 32	20.2 23.9 17.8 19.7 27.4	4.4 4.6 3.7 4.2 4.9	21.8 19.2 20.8 21.3 17.9	13 10 10 15 12
Adoral zone of membranelles, diameter	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	20 24 18 26 16	35 33 30 35 32	28.7 28.5 25.5 29.2 25.7	3.8 2.7 3.0 2.4 4.5	13.2 9.5 11.8 8.2 17.5	16 15 13 18 14
Collar membranelles, number^c	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	22 21 21 21 20	25 25 23 25 24	23.0 22.4 22.1 23.2 22.5	0.2 1.3 0.7 0.2 0.3	0.8 5.8 3.2 0.8 1.3	16 15 13 18 14
Prolonged collar membranelles, number	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	4 4 4 4 3	4 4 4 4 3	4 4 4 4 3	0 0 0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0	16 15 13 18 14
Buccal membranelles, number	AK1 AK2 AK3 AG TT	1 1 1 1 1	1 1 1 1 1	1 1 1 1 1	0 0 0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0	16 14 11 17 13

Min, minimum; Max, maximum; Mean, arithmetic mean; SD, standard deviation; CV, coefficient of variation in %; n, number of individuals examined
^aData are based, if not stated otherwise, on protargol-stained specimens; ^bmeasured from field materials in vivo; ^ccounted from protargol-stained or live materials. Measurements in μm

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