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  1. The process of calcium carbonate biomineralization has arisen multiple times during metazoan evolution. In the phylum Cnidaria, biomineralization has mostly been studied in the subclass Hexacorallia (i.e. ston...

    Authors: Nathalie Le Roy, Philippe Ganot, Manuel Aranda, Denis Allemand and Sylvie Tambutté

    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2021 21:1

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  2. How vascular systems and their respiratory pigments evolved is still debated. While many animals present a vascular system, hemoglobin exists as a blood pigment only in a few groups (vertebrates, annelids, a f...

    Authors: Solène Song, Viktor Starunov, Xavier Bailly, Christine Ruta, Pierre Kerner, Annemiek J. M. Cornelissen and Guillaume Balavoine

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:165

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Eukaryotic protein-coding genes consist of exons and introns. Exon–intron borders are conserved between species and thus their changes might be observed only on quite long evolutionary distances. One of the ra...

    Authors: Irina V. Poverennaya, Nadezhda A. Potapova and Sergey A. Spirin

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:164

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Monoculture farming poses significant disease challenges, but fungus-farming termites are able to successfully keep their monoculture crop free from contamination by other fungi. It has been hypothesised that ...

    Authors: Nick Bos, Leandro Guimaraes, Romen Palenzuela, Justinn Renelies-Hamilton, Lorrie Maccario, Simon Kolotchèlèma Silue, N.’golo Abdoulaye Koné and Michael Poulsen

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:163

    Content type: Research article

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  5. The huntingtin-associated protein 40 (HAP40) abundantly interacts with huntingtin (HTT), the protein that is altered in Huntington’s disease (HD). Therefore, we analysed the evolution of HAP40 and its interact...

    Authors: Manuel Seefelder, Vikram Alva, Bin Huang, Tatjana Engler, Wolfgang Baumeister, Qiang Guo, Rubén Fernández-Busnadiego, Andrei N. Lupas and Stefan Kochanek

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:162

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Life history theory predicts that during the lifespan of an organism, resources are allocated to either growth, somatic maintenance or reproduction. Resource allocation trade-offs determine the evolution and e...

    Authors: Falk Eckhardt, Angela Pauliny, Nicky Rollings, Frank Mutschmann, Mats Olsson, Cornelia Kraus and Peter M. Kappeler

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:160

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Sperm storage plays a key role in the reproductive success of many sexually-reproducing organisms, and the capacity of long-term sperm storage varies across species. While there are theoretical explanations fo...

    Authors: Akashdeep Dhillon, Tabashir Chowdhury, Yolanda E. Morbey and Amanda J. Moehring

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:159

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Evolutionary transitions from terrestrial to aquatic life history cause drastic changes in sensory systems. Indeed, the drastic changes in vision have been reported in many aquatic amniotes, convergently. Rece...

    Authors: Takashi Seiko, Takushi Kishida, Mina Toyama, Takahiko Hariyama, Takashi Okitsu, Akimori Wada, Mamoru Toda, Yoko Satta and Yohey Terai

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:158

    Content type: Research article

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  10. K-mer spectra of DNA sequences contain important information about sequence composition and sequence evolution. We want to reveal the evolution rules of genome sequences by studying the k-mer spectra of genome...

    Authors: Zhenhua Yang, Hong Li, Yun Jia, Yan Zheng, Hu Meng, Tonglaga Bao, Xiaolong Li and Liaofu Luo

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:157

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  11. Ecdysozoa are the moulting protostomes, including arthropods, tardigrades, and nematodes. Both the molecular and fossil records indicate that Ecdysozoa is an ancient group originating in the terminal Proterozo...

    Authors: Richard J. Howard, Gregory D. Edgecombe, Xiaomei Shi, Xianguang Hou and Xiaoya Ma

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:156

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Parasitoidism, a specialized life strategy in which a parasite eventually kills its host, is frequently found within the insect order Hymenoptera (wasps, ants and bees). A parasitoid lifestyle is one of two do...

    Authors: Bonnie B. Blaimer, Dietrich Gotzek, Seán G. Brady and Matthew L. Buffington

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:155

    Content type: Research article

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  13. The white-backed planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera, Delphacidae), is a migratory pest of rice in Asia. Shandong Province, in northern China, is located on the migration pathway of WBPH ...

    Authors: Nan Yang, Zhaoke Dong, Aidong Chen, Yanqiong Yin, Xiangyong Li and Dong Chu

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:154

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  14. Climatic and topographic changes function as key drivers in shaping genetic structure and cladogenic radiation in many organisms. Southern Africa has an exceptionally diverse tortoise fauna, harbouring one-thi...

    Authors: Zhongning Zhao, Neil Heideman, Phillip Bester, Adriaan Jordaan and Margaretha D. Hofmeyr

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:153

    Content type: Research article

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  15. The process of speciation involves differentiation of whole genome sequences between a pair of diverging taxa. In the absence of a geographic barrier and in the presence of gene flow, genomic differentiation m...

    Authors: Kiwoong Nam, Sandra Nhim, Stéphanie Robin, Anthony Bretaudeau, Nicolas Nègre and Emmanuelle d’Alençon

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:152

    Content type: Research article

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  16. The northeastern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) presents a high number of plateau loach species. As one of the three major groups of fishes distributed on the QTP, plateau loach has high ecological va...

    Authors: Tai Wang, Yan-ping Zhang, Zhuo-yu Yang, Zhe Liu and Yan-yan Du

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:151

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  17. Although Trapa is a well-defined genus of distinctive freshwater plants with accumulations of extensive morphological and embryological autapomorphies, its phylogenetic relationships have long been unclear. Forme...

    Authors: Ya Li, Yi-Ming Cui, Carole T. Gee, Xiao-Qing Liang and Cheng-Sen Li

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:150

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  18. Although the processes of co-evolution between parasites and their hosts are well known, evidence of co-speciation remains scarce. Microsporidian intracellular parasites, due to intimate relationships with the...

    Authors: Adrien Quiles, Rémi A. Wattier, Karolina Bacela-Spychalska, Michal Grabowski and Thierry Rigaud

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:149

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  19. Gene flow and polyploidy have been found to be important in Juniperus evolution. However, little evidence has been published elucidating the association of both phenomena in juniper taxa in the wild. Two main are...

    Authors: Perla Farhat, Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev, Nicolas Valentin, Carlos Fabregat, Silvia Lopez-Udias, Carlos Salazar-Mendias, Joaquín Altarejos and Robert P. Adams

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:148

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Phenotypic convergence between distinct species provides an opportunity to examine the predictability of genetic evolution. Unrelated species sharing genetic underpinnings for phenotypic convergence suggests s...

    Authors: Yu-Chi Chen, Hao-Chih Kuo, Wen-Sui Lo and Chih-Ming Hung

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:147

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  21. Austropotamobius torrentium is a freshwater crayfish species native to central and south-eastern Europe, with an intricate evolutionary history and the highest genetic diversity recorded in the northern-central D...

    Authors: Leona Lovrenčić, Lena Bonassin, Ljudevit Luka Boštjančić, Martina Podnar, Mišel Jelić, Göran Klobučar, Martina Jaklič, Valentina Slavevska-Stamenković, Jelena Hinić and Ivana Maguire

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:146

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Evolution in one selective environment often latently generates phenotypic change that is manifested only later in different environments, but the complexity of behavior important to fitness in the original en...

    Authors: Olaya Rendueles and Gregory J. Velicer

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:145

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Phylogenetic relationships among the myriapod subgroups Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Symphyla and Pauropoda are still not robustly resolved. The first phylogenomic study covering all subgroups resolved phylogenetic r...

    Authors: Nikolaus U. Szucsich, Daniela Bartel, Alexander Blanke, Alexander Böhm, Alexander Donath, Makiko Fukui, Simon Grove, Shanlin Liu, Oliver Macek, Ryuichiro Machida, Bernhard Misof, Yasutaka Nakagaki, Lars Podsiadlowski, Kaoru Sekiya, Shigekazu Tomizuka, Björn M. Von Reumont…

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:144

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  24. The three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a remarkable system to study the genetic mechanisms underlying parallel evolution during the transition from marine to freshwater habitats. Although the ma...

    Authors: Ryo Kakioka, Seiichi Mori, Tomoyuki Kokita, Takuya K. Hosoki, Atsushi J. Nagano, Asano Ishikawa, Manabu Kume, Atsushi Toyoda and Jun Kitano

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:143

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  25. Plants are easily affected by temperature variations, and high temperature (heat stress) and low temperature (cold stress) will lead to poor plant development and reduce crop yields. Therefore, it is very impo...

    Authors: Wan Li, Yue Chen, Minghui Ye, Haibin Lu, Dongdong Wang and Qin Chen

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:142

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  26. The Drosophilidae family is traditionally divided into two subfamilies: Drosophilinae and Steganinae. This division is based on morphological characters, and the two subfamilies have been treated as monophylet...

    Authors: Guilherme Rezende Dias, Eduardo Guimarães Dupim, Thyago Vanderlinde, Beatriz Mello and Antonio Bernardo Carvalho

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:141

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  28. Honeybees have extraordinary phenotypic plasticity in their senescence rate, making them a fascinating model system for the evolution of aging. Seasonal variation in senescence and extrinsic mortality results ...

    Authors: Natalie J. Lemanski, Siddhant Bansal and Nina H. Fefferman

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:139

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  29. Solving median tree problems under tree reconciliation costs is a classic and well-studied approach for inferring species trees from collections of discordant gene trees. These problems are NP-hard, and theref...

    Authors: Paweł Górecki, Alexey Markin and Oliver Eulenstein

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20(Suppl 1):136

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 20 Supplement 1

  30. Fruit scent is increasingly recognized as an evolved signal whose function is to attract animal seed dispersers and facilitate plant reproduction. However, like all traits, fruit scent is likely to evolve in r...

    Authors: Omer Nevo, Kim Valenta, Annemarie Kleiner, Diary Razafimandimby, Juan Antonio James Jeffrey, Colin A. Chapman and Manfred Ayasse

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:138

    Content type: Research article

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  31. On the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, known as the roof ridge of the world, the yak is a precious cattle species that has been indispensable to the human beings living in this high-altitude area. However, the origin o...

    Authors: Zhi-xin Chai, Jin-wei Xin, Cheng-fu Zhang, Dawayangla, Luosang, Qiang Zhang, Pingcuozhandui, Chao Li, Yong Zhu, Han-wen Cao, Hui Wang, Jian-lin Han, Qiu-mei Ji and Jin-cheng Zhong

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:137

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  32. Through its ability to open pores in cell membranes, perforin-1 plays a key role in the immune system. Consistent with this role, the gene encoding perforin shows hallmarks of complex evolutionary events, incl...

    Authors: Miguel Araujo-Voces and Víctor Quesada

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:135

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Two gerbil species, sand rat (Psammomys obesus) and Mongolian jird (Meriones unguiculatus), can become obese and show signs of metabolic dysregulation when maintained on standard laboratory diets. The genetic bas...

    Authors: Yichen Dai, Rodrigo Pracana and Peter W. H. Holland

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:134

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  34. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Alexandros Vasilikopoulos, Bernhard Misof, Karen Meusemann, Doria Lieberz, Tomáš Flouri, Rolf G. Beutel, Oliver Niehuis, Torsten Wappler, Jes Rust, Ralph S. Peters, Alexander Donath, Lars Podsiadlowski, Christoph Mayer, Daniela Bartel, Alexander Böhm, Shanlin Liu…

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:133

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:64

  35. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Chung Hyun Cho, Seung In Park, Claudia Ciniglia, Eun Chan Yang, Louis Graf, Debashish Bhattacharya and Hwan Su Yoon

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:132

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:112

  36. Leaves have highly diverse morphologies. However, with an evolutionary history of approximately 200 million years, leaves of the pine family are relatively monotonous and often collectively called “needles”, a...

    Authors: Hong Du, Jin-Hua Ran, Yuan-Yuan Feng and Xiao-Quan Wang

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:131

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. PD associated human UCHL1 (Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1) gene belongs to the family of deubiquitinases and is known to be highly...

    Authors: Muhammad Saqib Nawaz, Razia Asghar, Nashaiman Pervaiz, Shahid Ali, Irfan Hussain, Peiqi Xing, Yiming Bao and Amir Ali Abbasi

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:130

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  38. The primordial eye field of the vertebrate embryo is a single entity of retinal progenitor cells spanning the anterior neural plate before bifurcating to form bilateral optic vesicles. Here we review fate mapp...

    Authors: R. G. Loosemore, S. D. Matthaei and T. C. Stanger

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:129

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  39. Mitochondrial function requires numerous genetic interactions between mitochondrial- and nuclear- encoded genes. While selection for optimal mitonuclear interactions should result in coevolution between both g...

    Authors: Tuc H. M. Nguyen, Sargunvir Sondhi, Andrew Ziesel, Swati Paliwal and Heather L. Fiumera

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:128

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  40. Angiosperms employ an astonishing variety of visual and olfactory floral signals that are generally thought to evolve under natural selection. Those morphological and chemical traits can form highly correlated...

    Authors: Pengjuan Zu, Florian P. Schiestl, Daniel Gervasi, Xin Li, Daniel Runcie and Frédéric Guillaume

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:127

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  41. One hypothesis for the function of sleep is that it serves as a mechanism to conserve energy. Recent studies have suggested that increased sleep can be an adaptive mechanism to improve survival under food depr...

    Authors: Didem P. Sarikaya, Julie Cridland, Adam Tarakji, Hayley Sheehy, Sophia Davis, Ashley Kochummen, Ryan Hatmaker, Nossin Khan, Joanna Chiu and David J. Begun

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:126

    Content type: Research article

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  42. The family Labridae made up of 519 species in the world. The functional evolution of the feeding-related jaws leaded to differentiation of species, and the pharyngeal jaw apparatus evolved independently, but e...

    Authors: Dong Liu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Ming Zhang, Jinquan Yang and Wenqiao Tang

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:125

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  43. The aragonite shelled, planktonic gastropod family Atlantidae (shelled heteropods) is likely to be one of the first groups to be impacted by imminent ocean changes, including ocean warming and ocean acidificat...

    Authors: Deborah Wall-Palmer, Arie W. Janssen, Erica Goetze, Le Qin Choo, Lisette Mekkes and Katja T. C. A. Peijnenburg

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:124

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. Hybridization is a central mechanism in evolution, producing new species or introducing important genetic variation into existing species. In plant-pathogenic fungi, adaptation and specialization to exploit a ...

    Authors: Britta Bueker, Marco Alexandre Guerreiro, Michael E. Hood, Andreas Brachmann, Sven Rahmann and Dominik Begerow

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:123

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  45. The majority of parthenogenetic vertebrates derive from hybridization between sexually reproducing species, but the exact number of hybridization events ancestral to currently extant clonal lineages is difficu...

    Authors: David Tarkhnishvili, Alexey Yanchukov, Mehmet Kürşat Şahin, Mariam Gabelaia, Marine Murtskhvaladze, Kamil Candan, Eduard Galoyan, Marine Arakelyan, Giorgi Iankoshvili, Yusuf Kumlutaş, Çetin Ilgaz, Ferhat Matur, Faruk Çolak, Meriç Erdolu, Sofiko Kurdadze, Natia Barateli…

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:122

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  46. As global change and anthropogenic pressures continue to increase, conservation and management increasingly needs to consider species’ potential to adapt to novel environmental conditions. Therefore, it is imp...

    Authors: Erica S. Nielsen, Romina Henriques, Maria Beger, Robert J. Toonen and Sophie von der Heyden

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:121

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. The three main subspecies of house mice, Mus musculus castaneus, Mus musculus domesticus, and Mus musculus musculus, are estimated to have diverged ~ 350-500KYA. Resolution of the details of their evolutionary hi...

    Authors: Megan Phifer-Rixey, Bettina Harr and Jody Hey

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:120

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Many species are threatened with extinction as their population sizes decrease with changing environments or face novel pathogenic threats. A reduction of genetic diversity at major histocompatibility complex (MH...

    Authors: Christelle Vangenot, José Manuel Nunes, Gaby M. Doxiadis, Estella S. Poloni, Ronald E. Bontrop, Natasja G. de Groot and Alicia Sanchez-Mazas

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:119

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. The Chinese Isoetes L. are distributed in a stairway pattern: diploids in the high altitude and polyploids in the low altitude. The allopolyploid I. sinensis and its diploid parents I. yunguiensis and I. taiwanen...

    Authors: Xiaokang Dai, Xiang Li, Yuqian Huang and Xing Liu

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:118

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. Deep mitochondrial divergences were observed in Scandinavian populations of the terrestrial to semi-aquatic annelid Fridericia magna (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae). This raised the need for testing whether the taxon...

    Authors: Svante Martinsson, Mårten Klinth and Christer Erséus

    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2020 20:116

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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