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Fig. 1 | BMC Ecology and Evolution

Fig. 1

From: Expression variations in ectodysplasin-A gene (eda) may contribute to morphological divergence of scales in haplochromine cichlids

Fig. 1

The haplochromine cichlid species and descriptions of the scale samples. a A simplified phylogenetic relatedness of the East African haplochromine cichlid species used in this study. b Positions of the anterior and posterior scales used in this study and landmarks used for the geometric morphometric analyses in both anterior (left) and posterior (right) scales shown as an example for Petrochromis famula. Blue dots represent major landmarks, white dots semi-landmarks and 1 mm scale bars are given below the images. c Principal component analysis (PCA) plots clearly separate scales from the anterior and posterior part of the body. Additional, warped outline drawings illustrate major shape changes along the axis (red) compared to the overall mean shape (grey)

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