Fig. 5From: Gall-forming aphids are protected (and benefit) from defoliating caterpillars: the role of plant-mediated mechanismsSmynthurodes betae F1 and F2 gall distribution on defoliated shoots (including on the secondary leaf flush) compared to control shoots at Gamla. The proportion (mean ± SE) of galls in each leaf position (1 is the oldest, most basal leaf on the shoot and so on) was calculated out of the total number of galls counted on each of the seven treesBack to article page