Unravelling population genetic structure with mitochondrial DNA in a notional panmictic coastal crab species: sample size makes the difference

Table 3 Analysis of molecular variance testing for partitioning of Pachygrapsus marmoratus genetic variation under alternative biogeographic hypotheses

Hypothesis	Source of variation	df	F-statistics	P
1) three groups, geography
- Atlantic (PS + AZ + CA)	Among groups	2	Φct = 0.34	<0.001
- Mediterranean Sea (including Alboran Sea, MC)	Among pops/within groups	47	Φsc = 0.02	0.067
- Black Sea	Among populations	530	Φst = 0.35	<0.001
2) three groups, Orano-Almeria front
- Atlantic and Alboran Sea (PS + AZ + CA + MC)	Among groups	2	Φct = 0.32	<0.001
- Mediterranean Sea (excluding Alboran Sea, MC)	Among pops/within groups	47	Φsc = 0.01	0.104
- Black Sea	Among populations	530	Φst = 0.33	<0.001
3) three groups, PCoA
- Northernmost Atlantic (PS + AZ)	Among groups	2	Φct = 0.36	<0.001
- Mediterranean Sea (including Alboran Sea, MC) + Canary Island	Among pops/within groups	47	Φsc = 0.02	0.047
- Black Sea	Among populations	530	Φst = 0.37	<0.001
4) five groups, differences within Med
- Northernmost Atlantic (PS + AZ)
- western Mediterranean Sea (including Alboran Sea, MC) + Canary Islands	Among groups	4	Φct = 0.21	<0.001
- eastern Mediterranean Sea	Among pops/within groups	45	Φsc = 0.003	0.387
- Adriatic Sea	Among populations	530	Φst = 0.22	<0.001
- Black Sea

Degrees of freedom (df), F-statistics and P-values are reported. Significant P values are shown in bold. Population abbreviations correspond to those reported in Table 1

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