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Fig. 3 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Fig. 3

From: Coevolutionary feedback elevates constitutive immune defence: a protein network model

Fig. 3

Effect of encounter probability. a Non-specific effector (EN) activity against the probability of parasite encounters. The green lines indicate the level of constitutive expression while the blue lines indicate the induced expression level. The results of the non-specific detection case (Scenario 1) are the solid lines and those of the specific detection case (Scenario 3) are shown by the dashed lines. b Specific effector efficacy (ES) and (c) specific receptor (RS) activity against the probability of parasite encounters. The horizontal grey line is the non-specific receptor activity and non-specific effector efficacy in (b) and (c) respectively. The mean and standard error bands across 20 replicate simulations are shown. The cost of immunity and induction delay are both set low (i.e., 0.2); the result is qualitatively identical for any combination of the range in cost of immunity and induction delay explored (0.2 to 0.8; results not shown). Fixed parameter values are as follows: sequence length = 10, spontaneous deactivation rate = 0.3, host and parasite mutation rate = 0.01, host and parasite population size = 2000 and maximum virulence = 0.99

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